... д'Естен сигурно знае, че Римската империя се простирала не само в Източна Европа, ами в западна Азия (че Константин Велики и "Управда" Велики били българи обаче не съм съгласен).

University of British Columbia

Justin I (518-527 A.D.).
I. JUSTIN'S ACCESSION TO THE THRONE.
Justin was born in the province of Dardania belonging to the diocese of Dacia, which along with Macedonia made up the prefecture of Illyricum. It was an area which had suffered severely from barbarian attacks: in 447 a devastating raid of the Huns, which reached as far south as Thermopylae, left a wake of destruction through Illyricum and forced the praetorian prefect to flee from Sirmium to Thessaloniki. Then it was the turn of the Ostrogoths who ravaged the land until the emperor Leo I made peace in 461. It must have been about this time that Justin and two companions with Thracian names, Zimarchus and Dityvistus, all of them young men with good physiques, set out for Constantinople with only the clothes they had on their backs and a little bread in their pockets, trying to escape the grinding poverty of their homeland. The emperor Leo was organizing a new corps of palace guards, the excubitors, 300 in number, who were intended to counterbalance German predominance at court. These three young Thracians were enrolled.[[2]] We hear no more of Justin's companions, but Justin himself was evidently a competent soldier who rose through the ranks, and in 518, when the emperor Anastasius died, he was commander of the excubitors, the only effective troops on the scene.

The death took place on the night of 8 July, and the silentarii (gentlemen ushers at court) immediately summoned the master of offices, Celer, and Justin. Celer commanded the scholarians, but they were ornamental soldiers; Justin, whose palace guard could fight if necessary, was in a pivotal position. In the morning of 9 July, the people assembled in the Hippodrome, and the high officials, including the patriarch, met in the Great Palace to choose a successor. Anastasius had no immediate heir though he had nephews, one of whom, Hypatius, an experienced soldier of mediocre accomplishment, might have been an obvious candidate for the throne. But he held the office of master of soldiers in the east and was probably in Antioch when his uncle died. Justin was not considered at first. We may be certain that his nephew Justinian, a lowly candidatus at the time, was not considered at all, although a later tradition claimed that some put him forward. But the people in the Hippodrome grew impatient, and the high officials, becoming a little panicky, eventually put forward Justin. He was taken to the imperial loge in the Hippodrome and invested there with the imperial robes. The donative he offered the troops on his inauguration was exactly the same as that offered by Leo I in 457 and Anastasius I in 491: 5 nomismata and one pound of silver to each soldier.[[3]] On 1 August, Justin wrote to Pope Hormisdas in Rome, announcing his elevation and saying that he had been chosen against his will.

In fact, John Malalas[[4]] preserves a tradition that Justin was more willing than he claimed. The chamberlain Amantius had a candidate of his own for the throne, Theocritus, the count of his Domestics, and he gave Justin money with which he was to buy support. But Justin used the money to purchase support for himself. On the ninth day after his acclamation, he put Amantius and Theocritus to death.[[5]]

Justinian (527-565 A.D.).
The Background.
The name "Justinianus" has almost completely blotted out the name which this emperor bore at his birth: Petrus Sabbatius. The sole source for his full name, "Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus," is the consular diptychs made for his consulship in 521. The cognomen "Justinianus" indicates that he was the adoptive son of the emperor Justin (518-527), his uncle, and the adoption must have taken place before his consulship year, possibly before Justin became emperor. Thus it was Justin who launched his nephew, his sister's son, and Justinian's influence over Justin was such that later contemporaries regarded Justin's reign as an extension of Justinian's. However, in 518, Justinian was only a candidatus under the command of the Master of Offices and although a tradition attributed to Peter the Patrician had it that the Excubitors tried to put him forward as emperor to succeed Anastasius, but he declined, the story is not credible. The story told by John Malalas[[2]] has the ring of truth: the imperial chamberlain Amantius was ambitious for power, but since, as a eunuch, he could not himself become emperor, he gave Justin, the commander of the Excubitors, the effective palace guard (unlike the candidati and the scholares, who were ornamental) money to buy support for his domestic, the count Theocritus. Justin used the money to buy support for himself, and he began his reign by putting Amantius to death.

Justin's family came from an area of the empire where Latin rather than Greek was spoken: Justin himself was a native of the town of Bederiana near Nish and his sister's son, Justinian, was born at the village of Tauresium, near Scupi, ca. 482.[[3]] He was to rebuild his native village eight years after his own assumption of the purple and rename it Justiniana Prima, modern Caricin Grad. Justin had risen through the ranks of the army until he was commander of the Excubitors when the emperor Anastasius died on 9 July, 518 and moved from there unexpectedly to become emperor. He moved quickly to consolidate his position. The patrician Apion, a member of a famous family that held extensive lands in Egypt, who had been exiled and ordained a priest in 510, was recalled and appointed prefect. Anastasius' old enemy, Vitalian, who had rebelled against his Monophysite policies, was made magister militum praesentalis, which placed him in charge of the military forces in the capital and put him in a better position than Justinian to succeed old Justin. Vitalian became consul in 520, but, in the same year, he was brutally murdered. Justinian, who succeeded Vitalian as magister militum praesentalis, was suspected, rightly or wrongly. In any case, the murder removed a dangerous rival. In 521, Justinian himself became consul, and his inauguration was a blatantly lavish affair, designed to make his mark. In that year, too, we find Justinian writing to the pope in Rome and speaking of the empire as "our state", implying thereby that he was Justin's mouthpiece.

Преди само 400 години на о. Манахата живеели алгонкини с пера, после - холадци, после англичани, сега американци. Нима мислиш, че алгонкините са кръвни предци на американците и алгонкинския език е праамерикански език?