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| February 21, 2005 Cabinet in Israel Ratifies Pullout From Gaza Strip By GREG MYRE JERUSALEM, Feb. 20 - Prime Minister Ariel Sharon won cabinet approval on Sunday for two sweeping plans intended to reshape Israel's relations with the Palestinians: the withdrawal of Jewish settlers from the Gaza Strip, and a revamped route for the separation barrier in the West Bank. After months of fierce political battles, Mr. Sharon now has substantial momentum to forge ahead with the two initiatives, which should greatly influence the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the coming years. After the votes, he and his defense minister signed orders calling for Gaza evacuation to begin on July 20. "The decision which the government of Israel made today was a difficult one, a very difficult one," Mr. Sharon said in a speech Sunday night. But, he added, the Gaza withdrawal "ensures the future of the State of Israel as a Jewish and democratic state." The cabinet approved the Gaza pullout by a strong but expected margin, 17 to 5. The dissenting votes came from members of Mr. Sharon's right-wing Likud Party, including Benjamin Netanyahu, the finance minister, and Natan Sharansky, the minister for Jerusalem affairs. "It is a dramatic and far-reaching step which is being taken on a unilateral basis, without linking it to any concession on the other side," Mr. Sharansky said in explaining his vote. "I believe that every step in a peace process, if it is to succeed, must be connected to democratic reform in the Palestinian Authority." The decisions came at a time of hope for the region. Less that two weeks ago, in the highest-level meeting between the Palestinians and Israelis in four years, the Palestinian Authority president, Mahmoud Abbas, and Mr. Sharon declared a truce intended to end more than four years of fighting. Mr. Sharon believes that evacuating settlers from Gaza is a painful necessity; Palestinians outnumber Jewish settlers 150 to 1 in that coastal territory. Since Mr. Sharon proposed the withdrawal a little more than a year ago, it has passed several layers of votes in the cabinet and Parliament. This was the final major approval needed, though opponents in Parliament could use a budget vote next month to complicate the plan's enactment. At the same time, Mr. Sharon wants to complete the West Bank separation barrier, which is intended to prevent Palestinian attacks, while consolidating Israel's control over the large settlement blocs. The barrier's route has been revised following an Israeli court order last year, saying it imposed too many hardships on Palestinian civilians. The new path would, Israeli officials said, reduce the amount of West Bank land on the Israeli side of the barrier to 7 percent from 15 percent. It passed 20 to 1. But Palestinians still view the move as a land grab and an attempt by Mr. Sharon to unilaterally set a future border on territory they want for a state. "I think most Palestinians now believe that the Israelis will be leaving Gaza," said Mokhaimer Abu Sada, a political science professor at Al Azhar University in Gaza City. "But at what price? Sharon is leaving Gaza, but he is taking Palestinian land in the West Bank. I think the trade-off is quite clear." Mr. Sharon conceived his initiatives as unilateral moves and shunned Yasir Arafat, the Palestinian leader who died in November. It is not clear whether Mr. Sharon will be willing to work closely with Mr. Abbas, though the Israeli leader said last week that his ministers should begin to coordinate with the Palestinians on the Gaza plan. The Gaza pullout should give Mr. Abbas a lift. But Palestinians adamantly oppose the separation barrier, and its continued construction could greatly complicate his life. Afterward, Saeb Erekat, the chief Palestinian negotiator, said building the barrier in the West Bank, regardless of the precise route, would "undermine efforts being exerted to revive the peace process." Mr. Sharon's plans involve actions he vigorously opposed in the past. For decades, he encouraged Jewish settlers to establish homes in the sand dunes of Gaza, but he now is telling them they must leave. Mr. Sharon also resisted building the separation barrier, at least initially. "I began my service for the state of Israel 60 years ago and I have taken hundreds of decisions, which have often been questions of life or death," Mr. Sharon said in a speech Sunday night. "But the decision I took today with my government was the hardest of all my career." Given the demographic reality of Gaza, Mr. Sharon said he could not envision a future for Jews there, where 8, 500 settlers live in fortified enclaves surrounded by 1.3 million Palestinians. Shimon Peres, the deputy prime minister, who brought his left-leaning Labor Party into Mr. Sharon's governing coalition, said, "We must make an accounting of what has happened to us over nearly 40 years, and how much it has cost us in human life, how much it has cost us in resources, and how much it has cost us in our international standing." Four small, isolated West Bank settlements will also be evacuated this summer. Israel began building settlements on land captured in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. The only large settlement Israel has previously evacuated is Yamit, in the Sinai Peninsula, which Israel abandoned in 1982 as part of a peace treaty with Egypt. Mr. Sharon, Israel's defense minister at the time, oversaw that chaotic pullout, which included soldiers tussling with protesters. Some settlers moved directly from Sinai to Gaza, where they have lived since. A small number of the settlers in Gaza have agreed to leave, but most say they will stay, hoping that Mr. Sharon's plan will somehow fizzle. Under a compensation formula approved by Parliament last week, most Gaza families will receive $200, 000 to $400, 000 to move, buy new homes and re-establish their standard of living. The settlers are free to move anywhere in Israel, or to a settlement in the West Bank. But Isaac Herzog, Israel's housing minister, said the government was trying to lure Gaza settlers to lightly developed areas in the Galilee region of northern Israel and the Negev Desert in the south. Meanwhile, the separation barrier, which includes electronic fences and concrete walls, is broadly popular in Israel and, Israel's security forces say, has contributed to a sharp decline in Palestinian suicide bombings and other attacks in the past two years. But Israel has faced sharp international criticism. The International Court of Justice in The Hague, in an advisory ruling last July, said parts of the barrier inside the West Bank violated international law and should be torn down. Mr. Sharon's government rejected the ruling. The government's revised route was its response to a ruling last year by Israel's High Court of Justice. The court said Israeli planners did not sufficiently factor in the needs of Palestinian civilians, who face great difficulties in reaching jobs, schools and farmland in many West Bank communities. About one-third of the barrier has been built, mostly in the northern West Bank. The decision on Sunday focused on the southern West Bank. The barrier will incorporate Maale Adumim, the largest single settlement, which has about 30, 000 residents and is just east of Jerusalem. Gush Etzion, a large settlement bloc to the south of Jerusalem, will also be on the Israeli side. The revised route will still include a large majority of the 230, 000 settlers in the West Bank, as well as the more than 200, 000 Israelis who live in the eastern part of Jerusalem, which was captured in the 1967 war and then annexed. In Gaza, the Palestinians want the Israelis out but are demanding that the withdrawal be coordinated. The Palestinians say planned Israeli restrictions on the sea port, airport and crossing points will make it impossible for impoverished Gaza to develop economically. A few obstacles remain on both measures. The government must win parliamentary backing for the national budget before the end of March. If the government fails, new elections must be held, which could delay or undermine Mr. Sharon's plans. Also, settlers and their supporters plan to step up protests and civil disobedience campaigns in hopes of thwarting the evacuation. In addition, some liberal Israelis have teamed up with Palestinians to mount legal challenges to the separation barrier. Some cases are still working their way through the courts, and new cases could be filed in response to the new route. In other developments on Sunday, Jordan returned its ambassador to Israel after leaving the post vacant for four years. Egypt, the only other Arab country that has a peace treaty with Israel, also plans to return its ambassador soon. In Rafah, in southern Gaza, one Palestinian security officer was killed and another was wounded as they tried to destroy a Palestinian smuggling tunnel linked to neighboring Egypt, the Palestinian security forces said. Israel has staged raids into Rafah to look for the smuggling tunnels. However, with a truce declared earlier this month, the Palestinian security forces are now deployed in southern Gaza and are increasingly active. Also, the Israeli military announced Sunday that 500 Palestinian prisoners would be released Monday. The Palestinians say Israel is holding 7, 600 prisoners, and they want many more of them freed. Copyright 2005 The New York Times Company |
| March 14, 2005 Israeli Cabinet Pledges to Raze Some Outposts in West Bank By GREG MYRE JERUSALEM, March 13 - The Israeli cabinet pledged Sunday to dismantle two dozen illegal settlement outposts established in the West Bank since Ariel Sharon became prime minister in 2001. But ministers did not set a timetable or announce the fate of 80 other outposts. The cabinet decision was the strongest public commitment to remove at least some of the more recent settlement outposts, as demanded by the Middle East peace plan, known as the road map. "The first stage of the road map requires that Israel dismantle unauthorized outposts which were established since March 2001, and the government of Israel will honor this commitment," said the measure approved by the cabinet. The cabinet acted just five days after Talia Sasson, a former state prosecutor, presented Mr. Sharon with a sharply critical report identifying 105 outposts that were established in past decade and received government assistance in "blatant violation of the law." However, any government action against the outposts appeared to be months away at the earliest. Ehud Olmert, the vice prime minister, was one of several officials who said Israel should first carry out its planned evacuation of the more than 8, 000 settlers who live in formal, government-approved settlements in the Gaza Strip. That operation is tentatively set to begin July 20, and is scheduled to take about a month. The Gaza pullout plan has provoked huge protests from settlers and their right-wing supporters, and taking down the West Bank outposts would further inflame passions. The settlers in the outposts include some of the most radical and hard-core elements in the settler movement. In the past, they have fiercely resisted the dismantling of outposts. Matan Vilnai, a cabinet minister from the center-left Labor Party, said the government should not delay in dealing with the outposts. "We need to take immediate action, and see what we can do in parallel to the disengagement from Gaza," he said. Meanwhile, Ms. Sasson said she was still skeptical about the government's intention to act against the outposts. "It all continues; nothing has stopped," she told Israeli television. "Let no one be fooled that just because a report has been published, and is being discussed nicely on television, that it means this has been brought to an end." Since Israel captured the West Bank and the Gaza Strip in the 1967 war, the government has approved the building of some 150 settlements, which now house some 240, 000 Jews. In addition, more than 200, 000 Israelis now live in East Jerusalem, which Israel annexed after the war. Facing international pressure, Israel in the mid-1990's pledged not to build new settlements. But settlers quickly began establishing unauthorized outposts in the West Bank. An estimated 2, 000 Israelis now live in the outposts. They account for less than 1 percent of the settlers in the West Bank. However, many of today's large, formal settlements began as small outposts. The Palestinians seek a state that includes all of the West Bank and Gaza, and are adamantly opposed to the outposts as well as the formal settlements. The United Nations considers all Israeli settlements illegal, and the United States calls them an obstacle to peace. In another development, the Palestinian leader, Mahmoud Abbas, told Israeli television he hoped the Palestinian armed factions would agree to a more formal truce in talks this week in Cairo. He also called on Israel to stop building settlements and to halt the construction of its separation barrier in the West Bank. "The solution to the conflict can only be found in peace talks," Mr. Abbas said. "Resorting to weapons gets nowhere." But, he added, "the Israelis must end settlement building and allow me to restore trust by stopping the building of the wall." The road map demands that the Palestinian leadership break up armed Palestinian factions and prevent attacks against Israel. Mr. Sharon has been an ardent supporter of settlements for decades. But he told his cabinet ministers that "the evacuation of unauthorized outposts is part of Israel's commitments." Still, the road map calls for the dismantling of only those outposts built since March 2001, the month that Mr. Sharon became prime minister. The plan does not mention outposts built earlier, and some Israeli ministers said the older ones should not be taken down. Ms. Sasson said that under Israeli law, all the outposts were illegal, regardless of when they were established. Yet her report noted that 71 outposts were established before March 2001 and 24 were built after that, and she could not determine the starting date of the other 10. Peace Now, an Israeli group that monitors settlements, says about 50 outposts went up before March 2001 and another 50 after that date. Copyright 2005 The New York Times Company |
 Русия няма да предприеме действия, които биха застрашили сигурността на Израел 15 март 2005 | 00:04 Агенция "Фокус" Ерусалим. Руското ръководство предложи на израелски експерти и специалисти да се уверят, че противовъздушните комплекси, които Москва възнамерява да достави в Сирия, не представляват заплаха за Израел, предаде РБК. Това заяви секретарят на Съвета за сигурност на Русия Игор Иванов, като отбеляза, че страната няма да предприеме действия, които биха застрашили сигурността на Израел. |